Statistical Procedures to Solve Realistic Problems

The facts have been analyzed and also the hypotheses tested in the software package of correlation analysis on the right sets of data. A t test was used to test the statistical value of the correlation coefficient at the p<.05 level.

The unemployment rate info for the various classifications (racial, gender, age, career status, and jobs experience) provided a descriptive analysis on the unemployment situation inside the United States. The correlation coefficients provided an inferential analysis of movements in the unemployment rate within the United States.

Descriptive statistics describe the performance or physical exercise of one group or class, without having attempting to build generalizations about other groups or classes (Pfaffenberger & Patterson, 1987). Inferential statistics allow the findings with respect to one set of relationships to become long to other relationships, and to generalize findings and conclusions on a basis of statistical inference (Levin, 1984).

The basic theoretical principle upon which inferential statistics are based is that of probability (Levin, 1984). Probability is "a amount expressing the likelihood of occurrence of a particular event" (Shao, 1986, p. 217). For use in inferential statistics, this probability ought to be statistically independent (Levin, 1984).

The statistical concepts of both regression and correlation are valuable tools for ones manager. Regression coefficients allow the projection of movements in one variable according to movement in one more variable or inside a set of other variables. Correlation coefficients establish each the strength of relationships among variables and also the nature of this sort of relationships--positive or negative. What a easy correlation coefficient doesn't do for your manager or administrator, however, is to establish a causal relationship between the variables.

There are several statistical procedures that are used during the testing of hypotheses. Three procedures which are extensively used by managers and administrators are (a) analysis of variance (ANOVA), (b) regression analysis, and (c) correlation analysis (Pfaffenberger & Patterson, 1987).

The population for which the details were collected was the entire working-age, non-institutionalized segment of the American population. This population was not sampled. Rather, info applicable to the entire population were utilized in this research.

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