Neolithic Revolution

This make it practicable for pack to live in one area so that persistent communities or developments of larger numbers of people developed.

One of the early cognise villages was Jericho. As McNeill notes, "A great spring of peeing near the banks of the Jordan River provided the basis for the early rise of the city of Jericho, an stray and comparatively minute island of high culture in the contact sea of barbarism" (66). Another early village was k at presentn as Catal Huyuk, in the south of Turkey. Villagers here lived in houses made of sun-dried bricks with flat roofs covered with reeds. The activities within these communities eventually direct to the development of new-fashioned classes of people. Craftspeople, or artisans like potters, carpenters and weavers, began to populate these communities which, in turn, direct to the development of a primitive form of trade. kind of of everyone sharing in the food from the hunts or gathers, people now could trade wares they produced in exchange for food. Trade eventually led to the Neolithic people trying to devise better shipway to transport their goods, and thus primitive communities as we now go them were originated. We obtain from the experiences of the people living through the Neolithic variation that for societies to develop people must organize themselves and discover new technologies.

All four of the main centers of early civilization arose along major river vales in arid regions. There were a compartmentalization of quite common-

sense reasons roll in the hay this settlement pattern. With the rise of agriculture, the major rivers enabled the people living in these communities to have a ready source of irrigation. Further, since these communities domesticated plants and animals, they had a ready water supply to take care of these needs. Further, as trade began to develop the rivers allowed these communities, all of which had well-developed transportation networks, to use water craft for travel.

When we recognize that the single, decisive factor that made it possible for human beings to settle in permanent communities was agriculture, we see how intrinsic it was for them to have a ready source of irrigation. The settlers in these regions conditioned to use the water supply to irrigate crops, followed by by and by civilizations who would conduct agriculture dependent upon rainy seasons. Thus, we can see why the initial civilizations formed around major river valley regions. Yet, as McNeill notes, these rivers did not just provide a mode of irrigation but they enabled class and commerce divisions to emerge early societies, "By requiring comparatively very massive coordination of social effort, irrigation facilitated the creation of a social engine for the concentration of surplus food in the hands of a managerial group" (65).

Sargon was not theme to rule over these lands. Instead, his desire for trade coupled with his tireless temperament led Sargon to defeat cities near the Middle Euphrates and northerly Syria. Sargon's military prowess and capacity for organization helped commerce expound in the Indus Valley. Sarg
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